Thank you for contacting us and apologies for not providing you with our answers sooner.
We have taken the issue of silt run-off extremely seriously and appreciate the opportunity to address your questions.
To share some context, we have been working on the reservoir site since 2021 and have a good track record of managing surface water run-off by building channels called ‘grips’, and using natural materials such as hay bales to slow down the flow of water and silt screens to filter out sediment.
With the increased construction activity on site in 2023, we took advice from national expert advisers in surface water management. Following these discussions, we significantly improved the site drainage system, with a considerable increase in the number of silt screens, larger drainage channels with rock-filled dams to slow down the flow and settlement ponds for water to be held in so that clay and silt could settle before clean surface water ran off downstream.
Unfortunately, we had exceptionally wet weather over the winter and spring and while the measures we installed were partially effective, this high level of rainfall exceeded the capacity of our surface water management system.
The main problem that we came across, other than the sheer volume of rainfall, is the fact that the silt from the clay is so fine that it cannot settle using conventional means.
We therefore took further steps to improve the quality of surface water leaving the site. We sought the help of external experts to help us understand what can be done and have been working very closely with the Environment Agency.
Additional, lined channels were created to direct surface water to four further settlement ponds, more than doubling our water storage capacity to over 23,000m3 (equivalent to over nine Olympic-sized swimming pools). We brought pipes and pumps to the site, so that during heavy rain we can pump water from the streams that enter the site to the north, through pipes that cross the whole site and discharge it directly into streams to the south of the site. In this way, much of the water will not pick up silt or clay from the construction areas.
We introduced a coagulation system, similar to potable water treatment, to separate the silty material from the water. This required special permits and licensing. Proprietary silt treatment machines are now installed to remove silt from the water before it leaves the site. As a result of all of this work, we have seen improvements.
To answer your specific questions:
What chemicals are the contractors using on site to reduce the silt problem in the surface water leaving the site?
Flocculants and coagulants are industry accepted chemicals that are added to the water. They are designed to separate liquids from solids and are used throughout the construction and water treatment industries to prevent site pollution.
Do the chemicals pose any downstream risks to the ecology of the stream, and do you have a written consent from the Environment Agency to use these chemicals?
When flocculants and coagulants are used correctly by specialists, there is no impact to the environment. Regulators are generally supportive of the use of flocculants, provided that other means for controlling silt from site have been trialled and deemed not sufficient. Relevant applications have been made to the Environment Agency which outlines the treatment processes used at the Havant Thicket Reservoir site.
What controls are there in place to make sure there is not excessive use of these chemicals which would then wash downstream?
Monitoring of the chemical levels is continuous, and dosing levels automatically changed as required. Dosing is controlled within the specialist proprietary treatment system. Dosing is automatically stopped to prevent exceedances of dosing parameters. Water flow through to the treatment plant is also stopped.
Are the staff who are administering these chemicals highly trained to do so?
Yes. Future Water Ltd has contracted specialist water filtration companies and implemented trials, testing suitable water filtration systems to achieve the best possible mitigation measures to reduce silt entering the water course, while ensuring no additional risk to the environment.
Is there careful monitoring at all times?
Yes. The monitoring of water silt treatment using flocculant chemicals are monitored regularly to ensure the acrylamides do not exceed the drinkable Water Environment Quality Standard Directive (EQS) limit of 10ug/l.
Are the by-products of the treatment, which will inevitably end up in Langstone Harbour. biodegradable?
Independent water tests have shown between EQS, 0.1 to 0.5 Ug/L, post-treatment on site, so no by-products are expected at Langstone Harbour.
The Future Water monitoring regime includes continual sampling and analysis to monitor any potential deviations from acceptable levels, ensuring any issues are promptly addressed. Future Water remain transparent at all times and maintain records of all turbidity and chemical test readings.
We hope our responses reassure you that the project is implementing appropriate measures to minimise the impact on local watercourses and the environment.
Havant Thicket Reservoir is an environmentally led project that will help to protect internationally rare chalk streams in Hampshire, as well as providing a new green leisure facility for the local community.
The scope of the project is not just limited to the reservoir site, and we are committed to delivering a net gain to wildlife habitats for the local area. Over the coming years we are improving over 5.6km of local water courses, including Hermitage Stream, to improve the overall quality of wildlife habitats in the area. This will include creating new ephemeral streams, ponds, and restoring some existing streams by removing concrete. This is just one example of our work which will increase biodiversity for the area as a whole.
If you have any further questions, comments, or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Kind regards,
Ruari Maybank,
Havant Thicket Reservoir Project Director,
Portsmouth Water.
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